Evaluation and treatment
Swallowing difficulty should be evaluated by an experienced Speech-Language Pathologist
(SLP). The SLP may initially conduct a clinical swallowing assessment in the clinic.
Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire
A videofluoroscopic swallow study (also known as a Modified Barium Swallow Study – MBSS),
which is a video x-ray examination, may be recommended to further assess all phases of the
swallow. This x-ray footage will capture chewing and swallowing actions, providing additional
diagnostic information regarding swallow function and the degree of impairment. The SLP will
analyze the video, evaluating both the structure and function of the swallowing process and
identifying any potential aspiration or associated risk. Every stage of swallowing—oral,
pharyngeal, and esophageal—can undergo assessment during the MBSS.
An alternative diagnostic test called a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES),
which does not require radiation exposure. This procedure enables direct observation of the
pharynx and larynx while swallowing liquids and solids. It involves inserting an extremely thin,
flexible fibroscopic tube through the nasal passage, connected to a camera and light source,
enabling video and audio recording. The Speech-Language Pathologist assesses the
pharyngeal phase of swallowing, noting any signs of aspiration or risk.
Such studies will assist the Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP) in developing a safe
swallowing program tailored to your specific concerns. Swallowing treatment plans are highly
individualized and should be created specifically for you following a comprehensive evaluation.
Addressing swallowing difficulties may involve swallow exercises, compensatory strategies,
and/or modifications to food and/ liquids.
Discuss your eating and swallowing abilities with your Movement Disorder Specialist early in
your Parkinson’s journey and seek treatment early and often before swallow difficulty are
impacting your swallow safety.
Request a referral to a Speech-language Pathologist for evaluation, treatment and to learn how
to maintain swallow safety. It is advised to discuss your eating/drinking and swallowing abilities
with your Movement Disorder Specialist at the onset of your Parkinson’s journey. Early and
frequent treatment should be sought prior to swallow difficulties compromising swallow safety.
Please request a referral to an experienced Speech-Language Pathologist for evaluation,
treatment, and to acquire education regarding the maintenance of your swallow safety.
Evaluation and treatment
Discuss your eating and swallowing abilities with your Movement Disorder Specialist early in
your Parkinson’s journey and seek treatment early and often before swallow difficulty are
impacting your swallow safety.
Request a referral to a Speech-language Pathologist for evaluation, treatment and to learn how
to maintain swallow safety. It is advised to discuss your eating/drinking and swallowing abilities
with your Movement Disorder Specialist at the onset of your Parkinson’s journey. Early and
frequent treatment should be sought prior to swallow difficulties compromising swallow safety.
Please request a referral to an experienced Speech-Language Pathologist for evaluation,
treatment, and to acquire education regarding the maintenance of your swallow safety.